Evaluation of 5'-tRF-His-GTG As a Molecular Biomarker in Breast Cancer Diagnoses and Prognosis

Xun Tang ^1,2,3, Jun Wu ⁴, Yan Chen ⁵

⁰State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Division of Anatomy and Histo-embryology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals +

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March 25, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Transfer-RNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) show promise as breast cancer biomarkers. Downregulated 5'-tRF-His-GTG expression in breast cancer tissues correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting its potential for diagnosis and treatment guidance.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Biomarker Discovery

Background

Breast cancer (BC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women globally.
Current diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BC are suboptimal, necessitating novel approaches.
Transfer-RNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are emerging as small noncoding RNAs involved in cancer progression.

Purpose Of The Study

To identify a specific tRF, 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym, as a potential molecular marker for BC diagnosis and prognosis.
To investigate the correlation between 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym expression and clinicopathological parameters in various BC subtypes.
To analyze the prognostic value of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym expression in relation to patient survival outcomes.

Main Methods

Quantification of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym levels in BC tissues (n=101) and normal breast tissues (n=22) using in situ hybridization.
Analysis of clinicopathological parameters including tumor stage, lymph node status, hormone receptor status, and histopathological grade.
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses to predict biological functions.

Main Results

Significantly downregulated expression of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym was observed in BC tissues compared to normal tissues.
Downregulated 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym expression correlated with T stage in HER2-positive and basal-like BC, and with N stage and histopathological grade in luminal BC.
Low expression of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym was associated with poorer overall survival in BC patients.

Conclusions

The expression level of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym can serve as a novel biomarker for the individual diagnosis of breast cancer.
Assessment of 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym expression holds potential as a prognostic indicator for breast cancer patients.
Enriched biological processes associated with 5 acronym{'-tRF-His-GTG'}acronym include cation channel activity, protein catabolism, and cell cycle regulation.

Keywords:

5′-tRF-His-GTG BC ISH diagnosis molecular biomarker prognosis