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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments01:18

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Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...
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Tagging and Fusion Proteins01:24

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Proteins are involved in several cellular processes and biochemical reactions. Analyzing a specific protein of interest requires it to be isolated from the other proteins in the cell. This is achieved by overexpressing the specific gene in a suitable host to produce large quantities of the target protein. A tag or label is recombined with the gene to produce a fusion protein containing the target protein and the tag. The tags on these fusion proteins can then be used for easy detection and...
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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

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Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

The MultiBac Protein Complex Production Platform at the EMBL
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Split Proteins and Reassembly Modules for Biological Applications.

Jieun Bae1, Jonghoon Kim2, Jongdoo Choi1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
|March 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Split systems, modular biological tools, are revolutionizing research. This review details their advancements in gene regulation, protein interactions, and biosensors, highlighting progress over the last decade.

Keywords:
biological logic gatebiosensorprotein-protein interactionreassembly modulesplit protein

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Split systems are modular biological tools enabling controlled processes.
  • They are crucial for applications in gene regulation, protein interaction studies, and biosensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significant progress in split systems over the last decade.
  • To provide a comprehensive perspective on the evolution and applications of split systems in biological research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of traditional split proteins (e.g., GFP, luciferase, inteins).
  • Exploration of advancements in split technologies (e.g., Cas proteins, base editors).
  • Examination of reassembly modules and their diverse applications.

Main Results:

  • Split systems have evolved significantly, incorporating new technologies.
  • Reassembly modules demonstrate broad utility across various research fields.
  • Recent advancements enhance control over biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Split systems are indispensable tools in modern biological research.
  • Their applications span from fundamental gene regulation to therapeutic innovation.
  • Continued evolution promises further breakthroughs in biotechnology.