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Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Phenol biodegradation using bio-filter tower packed column with immobilized bacterial consortium: a batch test study.

Preeti Sachan¹, Athar Hussain², Sangeeta Madan¹

¹Department of Environmental Sciences, Gurukul Kangri University, Kanya Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, 249404, India.

|March 26, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Two bacterial isolates, Staphylococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sciuri, effectively degraded high phenol concentrations in pulp and paper wastewater. Immobilized microbial consortiums achieved 99% phenol removal, significantly reducing BOD and COD.

Keywords:

16S rRNA Bio-filter tower packed column Bioremediation Consortium Immobilization Phenol

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Area of Science:

Environmental Microbiology
Bioremediation Engineering

Background:

Pulp and paper industry effluents contain high phenol concentrations, increasing biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water bodies.
Phenolic compounds pose significant environmental risks, necessitating effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and identify effective phenol-degrading bacteria from industrial effluent.
To develop and evaluate an immobilized microbial consortium for treating high-strength phenolic wastewater.
To assess the reduction in BOD and COD after treatment.

Main Methods:

Isolation and identification of phenol-degrading bacteria (Staphylococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sciuri) using 16S rRNA sequencing.
Immobilization of bacterial isolates and consortium using activated carbon, wood dust, and coal ash.
Treatment of industrial effluent using a bio-filter tower with immobilized bacterial consortium at a flow rate of 5 mL/min.

Main Results:

The bacterial isolates SP-4 (Staphylococcus sp.) and SP-8 (Staphylococcus sciuri) degraded phenol concentrations up to 1600 mg/L and 1800 mg/L, respectively.
The immobilized microbial consortium achieved 99% phenol degradation in the effluent.
Significant reductions in BOD and COD were observed in the treated effluent.

Conclusions:

Immobilized microbial consortiums, particularly in bio-filter towers, are highly effective for bioremediation of phenolic wastewater.
The developed system can treat high phenol concentrations (up to 1800 mg/L) and is suitable for real-scale industrial applications.
This approach offers a sustainable solution for managing phenolic wastewater contamination.