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Using Delphi method to address factors contributing to aggressive behaviour in mental health settings
Rasha Eweida1,2, Nashwa Ibrahim3,4
1Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
|March 27, 2024
Summary
Nurses identified patient, staff, and environmental factors contributing to aggression in mental health units. Training should enhance communication and emotion regulation skills for better patient care and reduced staff turnover.
Area of Science:
- Mental Health Nursing
- Psychiatric Emergencies
- Aggression Management
Background:
- Aggression in inpatient psychiatric units is a universal and hazardous problem.
- Understanding contributing factors is crucial for effective intervention.
- Nurses' perspectives are vital as frontline mental health professionals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To achieve group consensus on factors contributing to aggressive behavior in mental health inpatients.
- To explore nurses' insights on aggression triggers in psychiatric settings.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Delphi technique with purposive sampling of nurses from inpatient psychiatric departments.
- Conducted three online Delphi rounds to iteratively refine consensus.
- Employed the average percent of majority opinions to measure consensus.
Main Results:
- Consensus was reached on several key factors: patient misinterpretation of staff attitudes, severity of mental health issues, healthcare provider communication style, nurses' limited emotional regulation, and inadequate staff-patient ratios.
- Identified interacting facets including patient-related, staff-related, and environment-related factors.
- Twenty-one nurse experts participated, with consensus increasing across rounds.
Conclusions:
- Aggression in mental health units stems from a complex interplay of patient, staff, and environmental factors.
- Recommendations include enhancing nursing curricula with communication and emotion regulation training.
- Initiating open dialogues between nurses and patients regarding aggression is essential.
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