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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Bone health and the masters runner.

Sara N Raiser1, Allison N Schroeder2, Richard J Lawley3

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

PM & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Masters runners (ages 35+) face bone stress injuries (BSIs) due to aging and training. Strategies focus on bone health, nutrition, and biomechanics to prevent and treat these common running injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Masters runners (35+ years) are a growing demographic.
  • Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common in this population.
  • Age-associated bone loss increases BSI risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on optimizing bone health in masters runners.
  • To propose strategies for preventing and treating BSIs in this group.
  • To identify knowledge gaps for future age-specific research.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Extrapolation of findings from younger athletes and other populations.
  • Synthesis of information on bone health, nutrition, and biomechanics.

Main Results:

  • BSIs in masters runners can stem from overuse or weakened bone (insufficiency fractures).
  • Key prevention and treatment strategies involve physical activity, nutrition, and biomechanics.
  • Limited research specifically addresses masters runners' bone health.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing bone health is crucial for masters runners to prevent BSIs.
  • A multi-faceted approach including exercise, nutrition, and biomechanics is recommended.
  • Further age-specific research is needed to advance prevention and treatment strategies.