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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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Genicular artery embolization for recurrent hemarthrosis: A case report.

Samr Adnan Abdaljabbar Al Salm1, Ali Hadi Abd Alzubaidi2, Robert Johannes Leusink3

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, North Jutland, Denmark.

Radiology Case Reports
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Genicular artery embolization effectively treated recurrent knee hemarthrosis in a patient with a history of trauma. This minimally invasive procedure offers a promising alternative for managing challenging knee joint bleeding cases.

Keywords:
Genicular artery embolizationHemarthrosisHydroPearl™ (Terumo) 200 microns embolization-particle coilingPeripheral vascular intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Recurrent hemarthrosis of the knee can significantly impact patient quality of life.
  • Conventional treatments may not always be effective for persistent knee joint bleeding.

Observation:

  • A 44-year-old male presented with repeated right knee hemarthrosis post-trauma and surgery.
  • Computed tomography angiography revealed synovium blushing, indicating active bleeding.
  • Successful embolization of genicular artery branches was performed.

Findings:

  • Genicular artery embolization led to the complete resolution of recurrent hemarthrosis.
  • The minimally invasive approach precisely targeted the bleeding synovium.
  • No recurrence of hemarthrosis was observed post-procedure.

Implications:

  • Genicular artery embolization is an effective treatment for recurrent knee hemarthrosis.
  • This interventional technique offers a valuable alternative to conventional therapies.
  • Further research may establish its broader role in managing knee joint bleeding.