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Vector-based feedback of continuous wave radiofrequency compression cavity for ultrafast electron diffraction.

Thomas M Sutter1, Joshua S H Lee1, Atharva V Kulkarni1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

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We developed a radio frequency (RF) cavity to compress electron bunches for ultrafast electron diffraction, achieving a temporal resolution of 144 ± 19 fs. This advancement overcomes space-charge limitations in electron pulse broadening.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is limited by space-charge effects causing electron pulse broadening.
  • Weakly relativistic electron beam energies (<100 keV) are particularly susceptible to temporal resolution degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement a radio frequency (RF) cavity for compressing electron bunches.
  • To enhance the temporal resolution of UED experiments at lower beam energies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a continuous wave RF cavity to compress high repetition rate electron bunches from a 40.4 kV DC photoinjector.
  • Implemented active stabilization of RF amplitude and phase using a feedback loop.
  • Demodulated in-phase and quadrature components of the RF signal for stabilization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a temporal resolution of 144 ± 19 fs RMS.
  • Successfully compressed electron bunches for UED applications.
  • Demonstrated effective stabilization of the RF system.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RF compression scheme significantly improves temporal resolution in UED.
  • This method is effective for overcoming space-charge limitations in ultrafast electron microscopy.
  • Enables higher precision pump-probe studies with electron beams.