Towards a Self-Powered Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on a Single-Enzyme Biofuel Cell
Asta Kausaite-Minkstimiene1, Algimantas Kaminskas1, Galina Gayda2
1NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko St. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Biosensors
|March 27, 2024
Summary
This study presents a novel amperometric glucose biosensor using an enzymatic biofuel cell. The biosensor demonstrates high sensitivity and stability for detecting glucose in real samples.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Biosensors
- Nanomaterials
Background:
- Development of sensitive and selective glucose biosensors is crucial for diabetes management.
- Enzymatic biofuel cells offer a promising platform for electrochemical sensing applications.
- Integration of Prussian blue nanoparticles, poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid), and gold nanoparticles can enhance biosensor performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize a novel amperometric glucose biosensor based on an enzymatic biofuel cell.
- To investigate the electrochemical performance, selectivity, and stability of the developed glucose biosensor.
- To evaluate the biosensor's applicability in detecting glucose in complex biological samples like human serum.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a biocathode using a graphite rod electrode modified with Prussian blue nanoparticles and poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid).
- Fabrication of a bioanode using a graphite rod electrode modified with a nanocomposite of poly(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) and gold nanoparticles, both entrapped in a poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid) shell.
- Immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto both electrodes via covalent bonding to poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid) carboxyl groups.
Main Results:
- The glucose biosensor exhibited a wide linear detection range (0.15–124.00 mM) with excellent linearity (R² = 0.9998).
- High sensitivity (0.16 μA/mM), low limit of detection (0.07 mM), and limit of quantification (0.23 mM) were achieved.
- The biosensor demonstrated excellent selectivity, operational stability over 35 days, reproducibility, repeatability, and anti-interference capabilities, successfully detecting glucose in human serum.
Conclusions:
- The developed amperometric glucose biosensor based on an enzymatic biofuel cell shows significant potential for accurate and reliable glucose monitoring.
- The unique electrode modifications and enzyme immobilization strategy contribute to the biosensor's superior performance characteristics.
- The biosensor's ability to function in human serum highlights its clinical relevance for glucose determination in complex biological matrices.
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