Microwave Imaging System Based on Signal Analysis in a Planar Environment for Detection of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

A proof-of-concept of a microwave imaging system for the fast detection of abdominal aortic aneurysms is shown. This experimental technology seeks to overcome the factors hampering the fast screening for these aneurysms with the usual equipment, such as high cost, long-time operation or hazardous exposure to chemical substances. The hardware system is composed of 16 twin antennas mastered by a microcontroller through a switching network, which connects the antennas to the measurement instrument for sequential measurement. The software system is run by a computer, mastering the whole system, automatizing the measurement process and running the signal processing and medical image generation algorithms. Two image generation algorithms are tested: Delay-and-Sum (DAS) and Improved Delay-and-Sum (IDAS). Own-modified versions of these algorithms adapted to the requirements of our system are proposed. The system is carefully calibrated and fine-tuned with known objects placed at known distances. An experimental proof-of-concept is shown with a human torso phantom, including an aorta phantom and an aneurysm phantom placed in different positions. The results show good imaging capabilities with the potential for detecting and locating possible abdominal aortic aneurysms and reporting acceptable errors.