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An Elevated IL10 mRNA Combined with Lower TNFA mRNA Level in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Peripheral Blood

Georgi Vasilev1,2, Viktoria Vasileva3,4, Mariana Ivanova5,6

  • 1Laboratory of Hematopathology and Immunology, National Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Hematological Diseases, Plovdivsko Pole Str. No. 6, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|March 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals gene expression changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Active RA is linked to higher interleukin-10 (IL-10) and lower tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA levels in blood.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation.
  • The T helper (Th) 1/Th17/T regulatory (Treg) axis plays a crucial role in RA pathogenesis.
  • Understanding gene expression patterns in RA is vital for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mRNA expression levels of key pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory genes in the peripheral blood of RA patients.
  • To correlate gene expression patterns with disease activity in RA.
  • To elucidate the systemic imbalance in the Th1/Th17/Treg axis in RA.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of total RNA from peripheral blood samples of RA patients and healthy controls.
  • Quantification of mRNA levels for eight target genes (TNFA, IL6, IL12B, IL23A, IL18, FOXP3, TGFB1, IL10) using real-time quantitative PCR with TaqMan assays.
  • Analysis of gene expression correlations and differences based on disease activity.

Main Results:

  • Downregulation of IL6, FOXP3, and IL12B mRNA was observed in RA patients compared to controls.
  • Upregulation of IL23A mRNA was noted in RA patients.
  • Active RA cases showed significantly higher IL10 and lower FOXP3 mRNA expression.
  • A strong positive correlation between FOXP3 and TNFA, and a moderate correlation between FOXP3 and TGFB1 were found.
  • Distinct gene expression profiles (IL10, TNFA, IL12B) could differentiate RA disease activity cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a systemic imbalance in the Th1/Th17/Treg axis in RA patients.
  • Elevated IL-10 and decreased TNFA mRNA levels in peripheral blood are associated with active RA.
  • Gene expression profiling offers potential for classifying RA disease activity.
Keywords:
FOXP3blood cellscytokinesdisease activitymRNArheumatoid arthritis

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