A Hierarchical Prediction Method for Pedestrian Head Injury in Intelligent Vehicle with Combined Active and Passive...

Area of Science:

• Road safety engineering
• Intelligent transportation systems
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Intelligent vehicle technology has reduced accidents, but pedestrian head injury prediction remains a challenge.
• Existing research inadequately addresses head protection for pedestrians in vehicle collisions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate a combined active and passive safety system for pedestrian head protection.
• To analyze the interaction between intelligent vehicle exterior airbags, braking systems, and pedestrian head injury criterion (HIC).

Main Methods:

• A "vehicle-pedestrian" interaction system was constructed and validated with real collision data.
• A database for the combined active and passive system was developed to analyze parameter influences.
• A hierarchy design strategy and fitting equations were established for rapid HIC prediction.

Main Results:

• The exterior airbag effectively prevented head impact with vehicle structures, reducing HIC.
• Braking parameter H2 showed a significant correlation with head injury.
• When H2 < 1.8, HIC was < 1000 in nearly 90% of cases.

Conclusions:

• The combined active and passive system enhances pedestrian head protection.
• The proposed hierarchy design and HIC prediction method offer a theoretical basis for system selection and parameter design.