Iowa Newborn Screening Program Experience with Hemoglobinopathy Screening over the Last Two Decades and Its...

Area of Science:

• Genetics and Public Health
• Neonatal Screening
• Hematology

Background:

• Hemoglobinopathies are common monogenic disorders globally, affecting ~7% of the population.
• Thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) drive public health screening initiatives.
• The Iowa Newborn Screening Program (INSP) primarily screens for SCD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document the birth prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in Iowa.
• To assess the impact of changing migration on hemoglobinopathy detection.
• To highlight the need for evolving newborn screening programs.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of data from the Iowa Newborn Screening Program (INSP).
• Tracking diagnoses of sickle cell disease (SCD) and non-sickling hemoglobinopathies.
• Evaluating screening program outcomes over time.

Main Results:

• Increased diagnosis of SCD and incidental detection of non-sickling hemoglobinopathies.
• Demonstrates a changing landscape of hemoglobinopathies within the INSP.
• Highlights the need for expanded screening capabilities.

Conclusions:

• Newborn screening programs must adapt to increasing hemoglobinopathy diversity.
• Evolving screening is crucial for addressing healthcare needs of diverse populations.
• This study underscores the importance of inclusive public health strategies.