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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
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Gut Mycobiome and Asthma
Amjad N Kanj1, Joseph H Skalski1
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 27, 2024
Summary
Changes in gut fungi (gut mycobiome) are linked to asthma development and severity. Intestinal fungal imbalance can impact lung immunity, potentially increasing asthma risk and exacerbating symptoms in adults and children.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- The gut-lung axis describes bidirectional communication between the gut and lungs.
- Commensal fungi in the gut microbiome play a role in immune system regulation.
- Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease influenced by immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of the gut mycobiome in asthma.
- To explore how gut fungal dysbiosis affects lung immunity and asthma.
- To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting the gut mycobiome for asthma.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on gut mycobiome composition in asthma.
- Analysis of animal models detailing gut-lung interaction mechanisms.
- Synthesis of data on immune pathways involved in gut-lung communication.
Main Results:
- Intestinal fungal dysbiosis, particularly increased Candida, is associated with elevated asthma risk in children and exacerbation in adults.
- Mechanisms involve host immune sensing (C-type lectin receptors), fungal metabolites (12,13-diHOME), and lung immune cells (ILC2s, M2 macrophages).
- Gut mycobiome modulation is proposed as a therapeutic avenue for severe asthma.
Conclusions:
- Gut fungal dysbiosis is a significant factor in asthma pathogenesis.
- Further research is crucial to fully elucidate the gut mycobiome's role in asthma.
- Targeting the gut mycobiome may offer novel treatment strategies for asthma.
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