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Dolphin short-term auditory fatigue and self-mitigation.

James J Finneran1, Katelin Lally2, Jason Mulsow2

  • 1U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific Code 56710, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dolphins may reduce auditory fatigue from loud sounds by anticipating them. One dolphin showed less fatigue after a warning, suggesting self-mitigation of noise impacts.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Mammal Auditory Neuroscience
  • Bioacoustics
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Marine mammals face increasing noise pollution.
  • Understanding their auditory system's response to sound is crucial.
  • Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) provide insights into auditory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if dolphins exhibit conditioned hearing attenuation before intense sounds.
  • To differentiate between conditioned attenuation and post-stimulatory auditory fatigue.
  • To explore the concept of 'self-mitigation' in dolphin hearing.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) in two dolphins at 57 kHz.
  • Exposing dolphins to an intense 40 kHz tone with increasing durations (0.5-16 s).
  • Administering a warning sound before the intense tone to elicit conditioned responses.

Main Results:

  • One dolphin showed conditioned hearing attenuation and minimal fatigue.
  • The second dolphin exhibited auditory fatigue but no conditioned attenuation.
  • Auditory fatigue was observed within seconds, much faster than previously reported threshold shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Conditioned hearing attenuation may serve as a self-mitigation strategy against noise-induced auditory effects.
  • Individual differences in response suggest varying coping mechanisms in dolphins.
  • Rapid onset of auditory fatigue challenges existing models of noise impact on marine mammals.