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Longitudinal studies on cohesion in a military context - A systematic review
Maria Fors Brandebo1, Marcus Börjesson1, Hilmar Hilmarsson1
1Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership, Swedish Defence University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Summary
Team cohesion significantly impacts military team functioning and performance. This review synthesizes research on cohesion
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Organizational Behavior
- Military Science
Background:
- Cohesion is a critical factor in group functioning and performance.
- Extensive research demonstrates cohesion's positive effects on psychological, social, and behavioral outcomes.
- Recent decades show a significant increase in cohesion research, necessitating an updated overview.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated systematic literature review of cohesion's antecedents and outcomes in a military context.
- To synthesize findings based on cohesion's dimensionality (social, task, general) and organizational level (horizontal, vertical, organizational).
- To identify research gaps and suggest future research directions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review adhering to scholarly suggestions.
- Focus exclusively on studies with a longitudinal design.
- Categorization of results by cohesion dimensionality and organizational level.
Main Results:
- Cohesion is consistently linked to enhanced team functioning and performance in military settings.
- Longitudinal studies reveal specific pathways through which different dimensions of cohesion influence outcomes.
- The review identifies key antecedents and outcomes across various military organizational levels.
Conclusions:
- Cohesion is a vital construct for understanding and improving military team effectiveness.
- Further longitudinal research is needed to explore specific antecedents and outcomes across different military contexts.
- The findings offer a framework for future research and practical applications in military team building.
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