Khmer translation and cultural adaptation of the Locomotor Capabilities Index-5
Nerrolyn Ramstrand1, Alan Maddock2, Thearith Heang3,4
1Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
Background:
Mobility is a major goal of prosthetic and orthotic rehabilitation, and use of outcome measures to evaluate mobility is necessary for good clinical practice. To support the use of outcome measures worldwide, work is needed to translate relevant instruments and adapt them for use in multiple cultures.
Objectives:
The objective of this research was to use a standardized method to translate the Locomotor Capabilities Index-5 (LCI-5) into Khmer, the national language in Cambodia, and to evaluate its cultural integrity by assessing it with a group of prosthesis and orthosis users.
Study Design:
Instrument translation and cultural validation.
Methods:
Two forward translations of the LCI-5 were produced and then reconciled into a single document. The Khmer version was back translated into English, and a group of experts reviewed the back translation. Two rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted with lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic users who provided feedback.
Results:
During the reconciliation process, minor changes were made to 6 of the 14 items. Changes were most often made to better reflect the conceptual meaning of the original English version. Cognitive interviews resulted in the addition of a new response alternative.
Conclusions:
Use of a standardized method to translate the LCI-5 resulted in a linguistically and culturally valid Khmer version of the instrument. Following appropriate psychometric testing, this instrument will facilitate measurement of mobility in prosthetic and orthotic clinical practice in Cambodia as well as support national and multinational research.
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