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Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...

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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Multimodal ultrasonography evaluation in thyroid nodule characterization: what is the ideal algorithm?

Başak Erdemli Gürsel¹, Barış Çağlar², Rıfat Özpar²

¹Department of Radiology, Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa. basakgursel@uludag.edu.tr.

Medical Ultrasonography

|March 27, 2024

Summary

This study evaluated ultrasonography (US), Shear-wave Elastography (SWE), and Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) for diagnosing malignant thyroid nodules. An integrated US algorithm significantly improved diagnostic accuracy compared to individual methods.

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Oncology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Thyroid nodules are common, with a small percentage being malignant.
Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the diagnostic performance of Ultrasonography (US), Shear-wave Elastography (SWE), and Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) in identifying malignant thyroid nodules (MTNs).
To develop and validate a US-based algorithm for optimal diagnosis of MTNs.

Main Methods:

Eighty-one thyroid nodules from 77 patients with biopsy-confirmed results were analyzed using multimodal US, SWE, and SMI.
US parameters included echogenicity, components, contours, calcification, and size.
SWE measured nodule stiffness, and SMI assessed vascularity (VI).

Main Results:

Hypoechogenicity, irregular contour, aspect ratio >1, and stiffness >43.9 kPa were significant indicators of malignancy.
The US algorithm achieved the highest diagnostic performance with 93.3% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity, and an AUC of 0.921.
Vascular index (VI) via SMI did not demonstrate significant diagnostic efficacy.

Conclusions:

Individual B-mode US and SWE findings show promise in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules.
The combined US algorithm significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy for MTNs, offering a more reliable diagnostic tool.