Comparison of treatment performance and microbial community evolution of typical dye wastewater by different combined...

The degradation of typical dye wastewater is a focus of research in the printing and dyeing industry. In this study, a combined micro-electrolysis and microbial treatment method was established to treat refractory dye wastewater, and the pivotal factors in the microbial treatment were optimized. In the series and coupled modes, the removal rates of chroma reached 98.75% and 92.50%, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 96.17% and 82.29%, respectively. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the microbial communities in the microbial system varied at different treatment stages. From the culture stage to the domestication stage, the dominant phylum was Proteobacteria; however, the community abundance of microorganisms decreased. A combination of micro-electrolysis and biological methods can alter the characteristics of the microbial community, increase the number of dominant phyla, and increase the abundance of microorganisms. The degradation effect of the series mode and the overall strengthening effect of micro-electrolysis on the microorganisms were better than those of the coupled mode. In actual wastewater, the maximum removal rates of chroma, COD, total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), and total phosphorus (TP) are 97.50%, 98.90%, 94.35%, 93.95%, and 91.17%, respectively. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis showed that microbial processes could significantly degrade fluorescent components in wastewater, and methanogenic active enzymes in anaerobic processes could continue to react. The combined process can realize the efficient treatment of toxic dye wastewater by reducing the toxicity of wastewater and efficiently degrading organic matter, which has important guiding significance for the treatment of refractory dye wastewater.