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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
Published on: August 4, 2019
Actin-Dependent Mechanism of Tumor Progression Induced by a Dysfunction of p53 Tumor Suppressor
Natalia Khromova1, Maria Vasileva1, Vera Dugina1,2,3
1Carcinogenesis Institute, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Oncology Center, The Ministry of Health of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Cancer cell aggressiveness, marked by actin cytoskeleton reconfiguration critical for metastasis, may result from an imbalanced ratio favoring γ-actin. Dysfunctional p53 emerges as a key regulator of invasiveness and migration in various cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. P53 inactivation (via mutants R175H, R248W, R273H, or TP53 repression) significantly enhanced the migration, invasion, and proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro and in vivo, facilitating intrapulmonary xenograft metastasis in athymic mice. Conversely, wild-type TP53 (TP53 WT) overexpression in p53-deficient non-small- cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H1299 cells substantially reduced proliferation and migration in vitro, effectively curbing orthotopic tumorigenicity and impeding in vivo metastasis. These alterations in cell motility were closely associated with actin cytoskeleton restructuring, favoring γ-actin, and coincided with ERK1/2-mediated signaling activation, unveiling an innovative regulatory mechanism in malignancy progression. Cancer cell aggressiveness, driven by actin cytoskeleton reorganization and a shift towards γ-actin predominance, may be regulated by p53 dysfunction, thereby providing novel insight into tumor progression mechanisms.
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