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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies
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Exploring Methodological Issues in Mental Practice for Upper-Extremity Function Following Stroke-Related Paralysis: A

Akira Nakashima1, Ryohei Okamura1, Takefumi Moriuchi1

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8520, Japan.

Brain Sciences
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review clarifies Mental Practice (MP) for post-stroke upper-limb recovery. Most studies apply MP in the chronic phase, often with audio guides and combined rehabilitation, for optimal results.

Keywords:
mental practicemethodologystrokeupper-limb function

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Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Motor Recovery
  • Stroke Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Mental Practice (MP) is a cognitive strategy to improve motor function.
  • Its application in post-stroke upper-extremity (UE) recovery requires methodological clarification.
  • Understanding current MP protocols is crucial for optimizing rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically map and clarify the methodologies of Mental Practice (MP) interventions for post-stroke upper-extremity function.
  • To identify common application timings, loads, Motor Imagery (MI) techniques, and co-interventions.
  • To assess baseline UE and cognitive function in studies using MP.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review methodology guided by PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane Library databases up to July 19, 2022.
  • Inclusion of 61 studies from an initial 694 identified articles.

Main Results:

  • Most MP interventions were applied during the chronic phase post-stroke.
  • Common protocols included sessions ≤30 minutes, 5 times/week, utilizing audio guides for Motor Imagery (MI) recall.
  • Fifty studies combined MP with conventional rehabilitation; mean Fugl-Meyer Assessment score was 30.3 ± 11.5.

Conclusions:

  • Mental Practice is predominantly used in the chronic phase of stroke recovery for upper-extremity function.
  • Standardization of MP methodologies, including timing, load, and MI techniques, is needed.
  • Further research is warranted to unify diverse MP approaches for enhanced neurorehabilitation outcomes.