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APOE Gene Variation's Impact on Cardiovascular Health: A Case-Control Study

Aya Badeea Ismail1, Özlem Balcıoğlu2, Barçın Özcem2

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus.

Biomedicines
|March 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Investigating the APOE gene in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), this study found reduced expression of the protective APOE ε2 allele in patients. This suggests a potentially weaker link between CVI and cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Vascular Biology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a prevalent condition affecting lower extremity veins, linked to genetic and environmental factors.
  • The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene influences lipid metabolism and inflammation, with specific alleles (ε2, ε4) associated with distinct health risks.
  • APOE ε4 is linked to Alzheimer's, while ε2 is protective against it but associated with cardiovascular inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine APOE gene variants in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
  • To investigate the relationship between APOE gene variants and cardiovascular diseases in the context of CVI.
  • To analyze APOE allele expression in varicose vein tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of APOE gene variant expression in varicose vein tissue samples from CVI patients.
  • Comparison of gene expression between patient and control groups.
  • Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to APOE alleles.

Main Results:

  • No significant expression of the APOE ε4 allele was detected in either CVI patients or controls.
  • A significant decrease in the expression of the APOE ε2 allele was observed in the CVI patient group.
  • A negative correlation was found between the two studied APOE SNPs within vein tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced expression of the APOE ε2 allele in CVI patients may indicate a potentially lower risk of associated cardiovascular diseases.
  • The association between APOE gene ε2 allele expression and cardiovascular diseases appears weaker in individuals with CVI.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex interplay between APOE genetics, CVI, and cardiovascular health.

Keywords:
APOE genecardiovascular diseasespolymorphismrs429358rs7412

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