Risk Factors for Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis-A Single-Center Study in the Polish...

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Psychiatry
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease.
• Mental health comorbidities are common in MS patients.
• Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for mental disorders in MS is crucial for effective patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of mental disorders in outpatient MS patients.
• To assess the influence of patient-related and clinical factors on mental disorder prevalence.
• To identify specific mental health needs within the MS population.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 103 multiple sclerosis patients undergoing outpatient treatment were studied.
• Sociodemographic data, disease course, and comorbidities were collected.
• The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and psychiatric examination were used for diagnosis.

Main Results:

• 67% of MS patients reported a history of mental disorders, with major depressive episodes (33%) and anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder 10.7%, panic disorder 7.8%) being most common.
• Higher median Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) was associated with a history of mental disorders (p=0.03).
• Lack of family support (p=0.01) and lower education level (p=0.03) correlated with increased psychiatric diagnoses and suicide risk, respectively.

Conclusions:

• Mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, are highly prevalent in MS patients.
• Increased disability, absence of family support, and lower education may increase the risk of mental health issues in MS.
• Targeted psychological and psychiatric support is recommended for vulnerable MS patient groups.