Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: A Retrospective-Observational Study in a Single Institutional Center

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare neoplasm with diverse histological presentations.
• Accurate diagnosis of PTL can be challenging for pathologists.
• PTL often presents as a progressive, painless cervical mass, potentially with compressive symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary thyroid lymphoma.
• To identify key features associated with PTL diagnosis and prognosis.
• To evaluate survival rates and influencing factors in PTL patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data from eleven PTL patients.
• Histological classification of PTL subtypes.
• Assessment of disease stage and patient survival.

Main Results:

• Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common subtype (55%).
• PTL was frequently associated with microscopic Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis (90.9%).
• Localized disease (Stage I-IIE) was observed in 90.9% of patients, with a 5-year survival rate of 60%.

Conclusions:

• PTL should be considered in women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting with progressive cervical tumors.
• PTL is a lymphoid neoplasm with a generally favorable prognosis.
• Younger age (<70 years) is associated with longer survival in PTL patients.