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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Angioleiomyoma: An Update with a 142-Case Series.

Mathilde Bernard1, Louis-Romée Le Nail1,2, Gonzague de Pinieux3

  • 1Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, CHRU Trousseau, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Université de Tours, 1C Avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-les-Tours, France.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Angioleiomyomas are rare, benign tumors originating from blood vessels. This study details their demographics, imaging, and histology in 142 patients, confirming MRI

Keywords:
MRIangioleiomyomacaldesmondark reticular signleiomyomasoft tissue tumors

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular smooth muscle tumors
  • Dermatopathology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Angioleiomyomas are uncommon, benign smooth muscle neoplasms with limited prior data.
  • Previous studies faced limitations due to small patient cohorts and lack of interdisciplinary data.
  • A comprehensive understanding of angioleiomyoma characteristics is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a large-scale, comprehensive analysis of angioleiomyomas.
  • To detail the demographic, clinical, radiological, and histopathological features.
  • To update the understanding of these rare tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 142 patients diagnosed with angioleiomyoma from January 2005 to June 2023.
  • Data extraction from electronic medical records, including clinical, radiological, and histological information.
  • Analysis of demographic data, MRI findings, and immunohistochemical markers (Smooth muscle Actin, Desmin, Caldesmon).

Main Results:

  • Angioleiomyomas predominantly affect females (53%), with a median age of 59, and commonly occur in subcutaneous tissue (85%) of lower limbs (76%).
  • MRI revealed characteristic signals, and the solid histologic type (65%) with a reticular sign was prevalent.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed universal Smooth muscle Actin (100%), high Desmin (83%), and Caldesmon (98%) expression.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides an updated, comprehensive analysis of angioleiomyomas based on a large patient cohort.
  • Well-defined nodules in extremities can often be diagnosed by MRI, but histopathology is crucial for confirmation.
  • Surgical excision is the primary treatment, associated with low complication and recurrence rates.