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Published on: June 9, 2023
Targeting Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Breast Cancer
Masayuki Nagahashi1, Yasuo Miyoshi1
1Department of Surgery, Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Abstract:
In recent years, newly emerging therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates, have further improved outcomes for breast cancer patients. However, recurrent and metastatic breast cancer often eventually develops resistance to these drugs, and cure is still rare. As such, the development of new therapies for refractory breast cancer that differ from conventional mechanisms of action is necessary. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a key molecule with a variety of bioactive activities, including involvement in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. S1P also contributes to the formation of the cancer microenvironment by inducing surrounding vascular- and lymph-angiogenesis and regulating the immune system. In this article, we outline the basic mechanism of action of S1P, summarize previous findings on the function of S1P in cancer cells and the cancer microenvironment, and discuss the clinical significance of S1P in breast cancer and the therapeutic potential of targeting S1P signaling.
Insights
New therapies are needed for refractory breast cancer. Targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer by impacting cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Emerging therapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved breast cancer outcomes.
- Recurrent and metastatic breast cancer frequently develop drug resistance, limiting cure rates.
- Novel therapeutic strategies targeting distinct mechanisms are essential for refractory breast cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental mechanism of action of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).
- To summarize the role of S1P in breast cancer cell behavior and the tumor microenvironment.
- To discuss the clinical relevance of S1P in breast cancer and its therapeutic potential.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on S1P.
- Analysis of S1P's involvement in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
- Examination of S1P's influence on tumor angiogenesis and immune regulation.
Main Results:
- S1P exhibits diverse bioactive activities crucial for cancer progression.
- S1P influences cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
- S1P modulates the tumor microenvironment through angiogenesis and immune system regulation.
Conclusions:
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays a significant role in breast cancer development and progression.
- Targeting S1P signaling presents a promising therapeutic avenue for refractory breast cancer.
- Further investigation into S1P's clinical significance and therapeutic targeting is warranted.
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