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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt secretion,...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles SLNs for Intracellular Targeting Applications
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State-of-the-Art Review on Inhalable Lipid and Polymer Nanocarriers: Design and Development Perspectives.

Gabriella Costabile1, Gemma Conte1,2, Susy Brusco1

  • 1Laboratory of Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

Pharmaceutics
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Local drug delivery via inhalation targets lung tissue effectively, reducing side effects. This review focuses on nanoparticulate carriers, particularly lipid and polymer nanocarriers, for advanced respiratory disease treatment.

Keywords:
airway mucusinhaled nanomedicineslipid nanoparticleslung barrierspolymer nanoparticlespulmonary drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Inhalation drug delivery offers direct lung targeting, minimizing systemic side effects, crucial for nucleic acid therapeutics and personalized medicine.
  • Effective lung treatment relies on factors like payload properties, formulation, device, aerodynamics, and lung fluid interactions.
  • Developing specialized drug delivery systems is key to successful inhalation therapy and revolutionizing respiratory disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of nanoparticulate carriers for lung drug delivery.
  • To highlight advances in lipid and polymer-based nanocarriers (NCs) for inhalation.
  • To discuss biological barriers and strategies for efficient lung delivery using NCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on nanoparticulate carriers for inhalation.
  • Analysis of factors influencing the success of inhalation therapy.
  • Discussion of biological barriers in the lung and strategies to overcome them.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticulate carriers, especially lipid and polymer-based nanocarriers (NCs), show promise for targeted lung drug delivery.
  • Understanding physiochemical properties, formulation, and aerodynamic behavior is critical for effective NC-based inhalation therapy.
  • Strategies exist to overcome anatomical and biological barriers within the lung for enhanced drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticulate carriers are vital for advancing inhalation drug delivery to the lung.
  • Further development of tailored NCs is essential for treating severe lung diseases.
  • Overcoming lung barriers is key to realizing the full potential of inhaled therapeutics.