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Acalculous Cholecystitis in COVID-19 Patients: A Narrative Review
Evanthia Thomaidou1, Eleni Karlafti2,3, Matthaios Didagelos1,4
1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Viruses
|March 28, 2024
Summary
Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC), inflammation of the gallbladder without gallstones, is increasingly reported in COVID-19 patients. This review analyzes AAC
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) affects 5-10% of adult acute cholecystitis cases.
- Infectious agents can cause cholecystitis in healthy individuals.
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, impacts multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract via ACE2 receptors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive literature review on acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) in patients with COVID-19.
- To analyze the pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of AAC associated with COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature.
- Analysis of case reports and clinical studies focusing on AAC in COVID-19 patients.
- Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- AAC has been documented in patients with COVID-19.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection may contribute to AAC pathogenesis through gastrointestinal tract involvement.
- The review synthesizes current knowledge on AAC presentation and management in the context of COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 is an emerging risk factor for AAC.
- Understanding the link between SARS-CoV-2 and AAC is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms and optimize treatment protocols for AAC in COVID-19 patients.
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