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Pertussis Vaccines Scarcely Provide Protection against Bordetella parapertussis Infection in Children-A Systematic
Arun Thachappully Remesh1, Kalichamy Alagarasu2, Santoshkumar Jadhav3
1Bacteriology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411021, India.
Insights
Pertussis vaccines do not protect children against Bordetella parapertussis infection. New vaccines targeting B. parapertussis are urgently needed due to rising cases and lack of cross-protection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Pertussis (whooping cough) is a significant global health issue.
- Existing pertussis vaccines are effective against Bordetella pertussis but their efficacy against Bordetella parapertussis is uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of current pertussis vaccines in protecting children against Bordetella parapertussis infection.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.
- Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.
- Meta-analysis was conducted on data from 46,533 participants.
Main Results:
- Pertussis vaccination showed no significant protective effect against Bordetella parapertussis infection (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.83-1.44).
- Subgroup analyses by vaccine type and study design did not reveal significant protection.
- Limited recent data and eligible studies, especially RCTs, highlight a research gap.
Conclusions:
- Current pertussis vaccines are ineffective against Bordetella parapertussis.
- The rising incidence of B. parapertussis necessitates the development of new vaccines with specific antigens for protection.
Background:
Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a global public health concern. Pertussis vaccines have demonstrated good protection against Bordetella pertussis infections, but their effectiveness against Bordetella parapertussis remains debated due to conflicting study outcomes.
Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effectiveness of pertussis vaccines in protecting children against B. parapertussis infection. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that met inclusion criteria were included in the analysis.
Results:
The meta-analysis, involving 46,533 participants, revealed no significant protective effect of pertussis vaccination against B. parapertussis infection (risk ratio: 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.83 to 1.44). Subgroup analyses by vaccine type and study design revealed no significant protection. The dearth of recent data and a limited pool of eligible studies, particularly RCTs, underscore a critical gap that warrants future research in the domain.
Conclusions:
These findings offer crucial insights into the lack of effectiveness of pertussis vaccines against B. parapertussis. Given the rising incidence of cases and outbreaks, coupled with the lack of cross-protection by the existing vaccines, there is an urgent need to develop vaccines that include specific antigens to protect against B. parapertussis.
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