Factors Involved in the Immunological Protection against Rabies Virus in Dogs in Spain

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Immunology
• Zoonotic Disease Control
• Public Health

Background:

• Rabies is a neglected viral encephalitis transmitted by animal bites, endemic globally except Antarctica.
• Spain has maintained terrestrial rabies freedom since 1978, but its proximity to Africa poses a risk for imported cases.
• Canine rabies vaccination is crucial for preventing rabies virus transmission and protecting public health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the immune status against rabies virus in the dog population in Spain.
• To identify factors influencing rabies virus seroprevalence in dogs.
• To inform rabies prevention and control strategies within a One Health framework.

Main Methods:

• Seroconversion levels against rabies virus were assessed in 1060 dogs.
• Indirect ELISA was employed to detect antibodies.
• Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate influencing variables.

Main Results:

• The study determined the seroconversion levels of rabies virus in the analyzed dog population.
• Key factors related to seroprevalence were identified and statistically analyzed.
• Data provides insights into the effectiveness of current rabies control measures in dogs.

Conclusions:

• The findings offer critical data for preventing rabies re-emergence in disease-free countries.
• This research supports rabies prevention and control strategies in endemic regions.
• The study underscores the importance of canine rabies vaccination for One Health initiatives.