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A successful desensitization in an adult patient with ARA-C infusion reaction

Yasemin Akgul Balaban¹, Mustafa Ilker Inan¹, Ali Selcuk¹

¹Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye.

Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice : Official Publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners

|March 28, 2024

Abstract

Introduction:

Cytarabine (ARA-C) is an antimetabolite agent used especially in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Infusion reactions have an important place among the side effects that may occur due to treatment. Clinical findings of infusion reactions resemble allergic reactions.

Case Report:

47-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia developed infusion reaction during ARA-C treatment.

Management & Outcome:

There was no alternative treatment option for his existing malignant disease, we decided ARA-C desensitization.

Discussion:

We would like to describe a successful desensitization protocol in an adult patient who experienced a reaction during ARA-C infusion.

Keywords:

ARA-C Drug allergy cytarabine desensitization

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Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.

Allergic Reactions

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Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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