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Aortic Thrombus with Bilateral Renal Infarcts: A Case Report
1Kern Medical, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakersfield, California.
Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|March 28, 2024
Summary
This case highlights a rare instance of bilateral renal infarction in a patient with protein C deficiency. Prompt imaging is crucial for high-risk patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of arterial thrombi.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Hematology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Hypercoagulable states increase risk for venous and arterial thrombi.
- Protein C and S deficiencies are linked to venous thrombosis; arterial involvement is less common.
- Renal artery thromboembolism can cause renal infarction, with bilateral cases being rare and severe.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of simultaneous bilateral renal infarction.
- To emphasize the association between protein C deficiency and arterial thrombosis.
- To highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis in at-risk patients.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 48-year-old male with known protein C deficiency.
- Presentation with sudden abdominal pain.
- Diagnostic imaging via computed tomography angiogram of the abdomen.
Main Results:
- Computed tomography angiogram revealed bilateral renal infarctions.
- Patient experienced severe abdominal pain and developed acute kidney injury.
- Conservative management was initiated; dialysis was not required.
Conclusions:
- This is the first reported case of bilateral renal infarction secondary to protein C and S deficiency in emergency medicine literature.
- Early and definitive imaging is essential for patients at high risk for arterial thrombi presenting with suggestive symptoms.
- This case underscores the potential for severe arterial complications in protein C deficiency.
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