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Mechanical quenching phenomenon in diamond.

Zhengping Su1,2, Yu Duan1,2, Yusong Tian1

  • 1Center for X-mechanics, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Dislocation core structures in covalent crystals are revealed to be nonequilibrium, deviating from traditional models. Mechanical quenching at high pressures creates these unique structures, impacting diamond

Keywords:
diamonddislocation corehigh pressuremechanical quenching

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Dislocation core structures are fundamental to crystal plasticity but remain underexplored in covalent materials.
  • Existing models, like the five-seven-membered ring model, are primarily based on FCC-structured materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize dislocation core structures in covalently bonded materials under extreme conditions.
  • To investigate the mechanisms behind the formation of these structures and their implications for material properties.

Main Methods:

  • Atomically resolved characterizations of a diamond anvil cell tip deformed at 360 GPa.
  • Density functional theory-based molecular dynamic simulations.
  • Electronic-scale analysis of deformation mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Observation of nonequilibrium dislocation cores deviating from established models in plastically deformed diamond.
  • Identification of 'mechanical quenching' as the process generating these cores due to difficult relaxation.
  • Determination of a large critical strain (25%) required for mechanical quenching, linked to valence electron excitation for bond breaking and rebonding.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge existing theories of dislocation cores in covalent crystals.
  • Establishes a foundation for plasticity theory in covalent materials.
  • Provides insights into tailoring electrical and luminescent properties of diamond based on dislocation core structures.