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Focused deterrence: A protocol for a realist multisite randomised controlled trial for evaluating a violence
Tia Simanovic1, Paul McFarlane2, Iain Brennan1
1School of Criminology, Sociology and Policing, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
Plos One
|March 28, 2024
Summary
This study evaluates focused deterrence (FD) for violence prevention in the UK. The multisite trial aims to rigorously assess FD
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Public Health
- Social Policy
Background:
- Focused deterrence (FD) is a violence prevention strategy primarily studied in the US, with limited evidence of effectiveness in the UK.
- Existing research on FD often suffers from methodological limitations, including inadequate designs, insufficient rigorous testing, and small sample sizes.
- The Youth Endowment Fund (YEF) seeks to understand the potential impact of FD in the UK context, necessitating a robust evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive multisite evaluation of focused deterrence interventions in the UK.
- To rigorously assess the effectiveness and impact of FD on violence prevention.
- To generate evidence to inform future violence prevention policies and interventions in the UK.
Main Methods:
- A realist randomized controlled trial employing a multisite, two-arm experimental design across five UK locations.
- Inclusion of approximately 1,700 individuals, with a focus on detecting a 26% relative reduction in violence.
- A mixed-methods formative evaluation incorporating qualitative interviews (programme leads, delivery teams, participants) and quantitative routine outcome monitoring.
Main Results:
- This protocol outlines the methodology for the most extensive UK-based multisite evaluation of focused deterrence to date.
- The study encompasses seven trials across five distinct sites, involving a cohort of 2,000 individuals.
- Utilizes an integrated realist evaluation framework with both qualitative and quantitative research methods.
Conclusions:
- The findings are anticipated to provide crucial insights for developing future violence prevention strategies in the UK.
- This study represents the sole multisite trial of focused deterrence, offering unique contributions to the field.
- Expected to significantly enhance the body of literature on violence prevention and intervention evaluation.
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