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Functional carbon dots-hydrogel complex for selective antibacterial and detection applications.

Dan Zhao1, Huan Liu1, Mengyu Xu1

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Green-emitting carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized and functionalized with vancomycin. These multifunctional CDs show selective antibacterial activity and can detect Staphylococcus aureus and Au3+ ions.

Keywords:
Carbon dots complexDetection of Au(3+)Fluorescent hydrogelImaging of Gram-positive bacteriaSelective antibacterial

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Carbon dots (CDs) possess excellent optical properties, making them valuable for biomedical and biochemical applications.
  • Developing novel functionalized nanomaterials is crucial for advancing healthcare and detection technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize green-emitting carbon dots (MA-CDs) using a facile hydrothermal method.
  • To create multifunctional vancomycin-coupled carbon dots (VMA-CDs) for biological and sensing applications.
  • To develop a hydrogel-based fluorescent sensor for detecting Au3+ ions in microfluidics.

Main Methods:

  • One-step hydrothermal synthesis of MA-CDs using citric acid, L-malic acid, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine.
  • Coupling of vancomycin with MA-CDs to form VMA-CDs.
  • Preparation of a hydrogel (V-SP) incorporating VMA-CDs for fluorescence-based detection.
  • Utilizing smartphone technology for data acquisition and analysis in microfluidic detection.

Main Results:

  • MA-CDs exhibited green emission and were successfully coupled with vancomycin to yield VMA-CDs.
  • VMA-CDs demonstrated selective antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and could label Staphylococcus aureus.
  • VMA-CDs functioned as a fluorescent sensor for Au3+ detection with a wide dynamic range (6.50 nM–21.93 μM) and low detection limit (3.98 nM).
  • The V-SP hydrogel enabled microfluidic detection of Au3+ using smartphone-assisted data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed VMA-CDs offer a promising platform for targeted antibacterial therapy and fluorescent bio-imaging of S. aureus.
  • The V-SP hydrogel system provides a sensitive and portable method for detecting Au3+ ions, with potential for point-of-care diagnostics.
  • This work highlights the versatility of carbon dots in creating multifunctional materials for diverse biomedical and sensing applications.