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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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Oscillatory attention in groove.

Connor Spiech1, Anne Danielsen2, Bruno Laeng1

  • 1RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Attentional fluctuations synchronize with musical beats, as shown by pupil and EEG activity. This synchronization degrades with increased rhythmic complexity, impacting the perception of musical groove.

Keywords:
AttentionEEGGroovePupillometryRhythmic complexity

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Music Psychology

Background:

  • Attention is dynamic, fluctuating over time and influencing event processing.
  • Musical groove, the urge to move to music, provides a model for studying oscillatory attention due to its link with rhythmic complexity and movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between attentional fluctuations, rhythmic complexity, and musical groove.
  • To examine how pupil activity and electroencephalography (EEG) reflect entrainment to musical rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous recording of pupillometry and scalp EEG during listening to drumbeats of varying complexity.
  • Analysis of intertrial phase coherence to assess neural entrainment to the beat frequency.
  • Participants rated the perceived groove of the drumbeats.

Main Results:

  • Pupil activity and EEG showed entrainment to the drumbeat frequency, persisting even during imagined continuation of the rhythm.
  • Entrainment quality decreased with increasing rhythmic complexity, suggesting reduced sensory precision.
  • Pupil dilation patterns supported an inverted U-shaped relationship between rhythmic complexity and groove perception.

Conclusions:

  • This study links oscillatory attention mechanisms to rhythmic complexity in the context of musical groove.
  • Findings demonstrate that attentional entrainment to music is measurable via pupillometry and EEG and is modulated by stimulus complexity.