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Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications
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Warming increases the compositional and functional variability of a temperate protist community.

Antonia Ahme1, Anika Happe2, Maren Striebel2

  • 1Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.

The Science of the Total Environment
|March 28, 2024
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Ocean warming alters marine protist communities, shifting dominant groups like haptophytes and diatoms. While resilient, changes in composition and function may impact higher food webs.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Protistology
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Phototrophic protists are crucial for marine ecosystems, providing energy and oxygen.
  • Temperate protists may possess adaptations to ocean warming, but their functional impact is uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of moderate (12°C) and substantial (18°C) ocean warming on North Sea spring bloom protist communities.
  • To assess changes in protist composition and key ecosystem functions under simulated warming scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • A 30-day mesocosm experiment simulating ambient (6°C), moderate (12°C), and substantial (18°C) temperatures.
  • Analysis of protist community composition using 18S rRNA metabarcoding.
  • Measurement of ecosystem functions: biomass, gross oxygen productivity, and nutritional quality (C:N and C:P ratios).

Main Results:

  • Warming shifted dominant protists: haptophytes at 12°C and diatoms at 18°C.
  • Species responses were trait-dependent, with phosphorus availability modulating effects.
  • Gross oxygen productivity decreased, biomass increased, and C:N ratio remained stable under warming.

Conclusions:

  • North Sea protists show resilience to warming, but functional similarity declines, increasing variability.
  • Phosphorus availability is a key factor influencing species biomass and community C:P ratios.
  • Understanding trait-based responses and functional dynamics is vital for predicting ecosystem impacts of climate change.