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Microbial responses to stress cryptically alter natural selection on plants.

Lana G Bolin1, Jennifer A Lau2,3

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Soil microbes influence plant evolution. Microbial communities adapt to stress, altering plant selection and creating lasting legacy effects that impact plant evolution even after stress removal.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Plants interact with soil microbial communities, which can change under environmental stress.
  • These microbial shifts may influence natural selection on plants.
  • Microbial communities can exhibit legacy effects, persisting after stress removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how microbial responses to stress and their legacy effects impact natural selection on plants.
  • To determine if microbes mediate or modify the effects of environmental stress on plant evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Grew Chamaecrista fasciculata plants under stressful (salt, herbicide, herbivory) and non-stressful conditions.
  • Exposed microbes to these conditions in the preceding generation to establish legacy effects.
  • Observed plant selection in response to stress and microbial legacy effects.

Main Results:

  • Microbial responses to stress generally counteracted direct stress effects on plant selection, weakening stress as a selective agent.
  • Microbial legacy effects altered plant selection even in non-stressful environments.
  • These findings indicate microbes can modify plant evolutionary trajectories.

Conclusions:

  • Soil microbes play a significant, often hidden, role in plant adaptation to stress.
  • Microbial legacy effects can alter plant selection dynamics long after stress has subsided.
  • Understanding microbial roles is crucial for predicting plant population evolution under changing environments.