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Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

A Pulmonary Trunk Banding Model of Pressure Overload Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure
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Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm: A Bursting Threat.

Isabel Cruz1, Adriana Pereira2, Rui Pontes Dos Santos1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal.

JACC. Case Reports
|March 29, 2024
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A stabbing victim developed mitral regurgitation and a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after emergency surgery. Surgical repair of the pseudoaneurysm and mitral valve was successfully performed.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Trauma
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Penetrating cardiac trauma can lead to delayed cardiac complications.
  • Mitral regurgitation and pseudoaneurysms are potential sequelae of cardiac injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of delayed cardiac complications following stab wound injury.
  • To describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for post-traumatic mitral regurgitation and left ventricular pseudoaneurysm.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 55-year-old male with cardiac perforation.
  • Diagnostic imaging included serial transthoracic echocardiograms.
  • Surgical intervention involved pseudoaneurysm exclusion and mitral valvuloplasty.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed moderate-severe mitral regurgitation one month post-injury.
  • A left ventricular pseudoaneurysm was identified six months after the initial trauma.
  • Successful surgical repair of both cardiac defects was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed diagnosis and management of cardiac complications after trauma are crucial.
  • Surgical intervention can effectively treat post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms and mitral regurgitation.
  • This case highlights the importance of long-term cardiac monitoring after penetrating chest injuries.