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Intra-tracheal Administration of Haemophilus influenzae in Mouse Models to Study Airway Inflammation
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Purpura Fulminans as a Rare Manifestation of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease: A Case Report

Diana Oliveira Miranda1, Maria Bourbon Ruão2, José Magalhães3

  • 1Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, PRT.

Cureus
|March 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause severe invasive infections. A rare case of invasive Hi type b leading to purpura fulminans and multiorgan failure in an immunocompromised patient highlights the potential severity of this bacterium.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is a common bacterium residing in the human upper respiratory tract.
  • While typically commensal, Hi can cause severe invasive infections, including meningitis and epiglottitis, which are reportable diseases in Portugal.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old female, on long-term steroids and chronically adrenally suppressed, presented with an acute episode of epiglottitis.
  • This progressed to an invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infection.

Findings:

  • The invasive Hi type b infection in this patient led to the development of purpura fulminans and multiorgan failure.
  • Literature review indicates only three prior documented cases of invasive Hi type b causing purpura fulminans.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the severe potential of invasive Hi infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Highlights the importance of recognizing rare but life-threatening complications like purpura fulminans associated with Hi type b.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilance in managing Hi infections, especially in vulnerable patient populations.
Keywords:
acute epiglottitis in adultshaemophilus influenzae type bimmunocompetent patientsinvasive haemophilus influenzae diseasepurpura fulminans

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