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Updated: Jun 29, 2025
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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
Published on: September 17, 2019
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Sexual dimorphism of circadian liver transcriptome
Artem A Astafev1,2, Volha Mezhnina1,2, Allan Poe1,2
1Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
Iscience
|March 29, 2024
Summary
Female mice exhibit more oscillating genes than males, with caloric restriction synchronizing rhythms but not eliminating sex differences. Diet and sex interact complexly with circadian rhythms in metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Chronobiology
- Metabolomics
- Sex Differences in Physiology
Background:
- Circadian rhythms are key regulators of metabolism, influenced by diet.
- Sexual dimorphism impacts physiology, metabolism, and longevity.
- Dietary interventions like caloric restriction (CR) affect circadian transcriptomes, but sex-specific differences are poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sex-specific differences in circadian transcriptomes in the liver.
- To examine the impact of caloric restriction (CR) on sex-dimorphic circadian rhythms.
- To explore the interplay between sex, circadian rhythms, and diet in metabolic regulation.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of liver circadian transcriptomes in male and female mice.
- Analysis of mice under ad libitum (AL) and 30% caloric restriction (CR) diets.
- Gene ontology analysis to identify sex-specific metabolic pathways.
Main Results:
- Female mice on AL diets showed more oscillating genes than males.
- CR increased oscillating genes in both sexes and synchronized the transcriptome.
- Sex differences in circadian rhythms persisted despite CR, with sex influencing CR's effect on rhythms.
- Sex-specific signatures were identified in metabolic pathways.
Conclusions:
- Sexual dimorphism significantly influences circadian transcriptome organization and response to dietary interventions.
- Caloric restriction synchronizes liver circadian rhythms but does not fully abolish sex-specific patterns.
- Complex interactions exist between sex, circadian rhythms, and diet in metabolic regulation.
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