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Toward unveiling transcriptome dynamics and regulatory modules at the maternal/filial interface of developing maize

Juan He1, Jincang Wang1, Zhiyong Zhang1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|March 29, 2024
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Summary

This study reveals key gene networks controlling nutrient transfer in maize kernels. We identified crucial transcription factors regulating sugar, amino acid, and ion transport for seed development.

Keywords:
maize (Zea mays)maternal/filial interfacetranscription factortranscriptional regulationtransporter

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • The basal region of maize kernels is vital for nutrient transport from the mother plant to the developing seed.
  • Transcriptome dynamics at this maternal/filial interface are not well understood.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for improving seed development and yield.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptome dynamics of the maize kernel's basal maternal/filial interface.
  • To identify key genes and regulatory networks involved in nutrient transfer during kernel development.
  • To explore the function of specific transcription factors in regulating basal-specific transporters.

Main Methods:

  • High-temporal-resolution RNA sequencing of basal and upper kernel regions (4-32 days after pollination).
  • Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) on highly expressed genes in the basal region.
  • Genome-wide DNA affinity purification sequencing and promoter transactivation assays to study transcription factor (TF) function.

Main Results:

  • Identified five MADS-box transcription factors as key regulators (hubs) in the early-stage basal region.
  • Discovered significant enrichment of GO terms related to transcriptional regulation and transporters in the filling-stage basal region.
  • Demonstrated that three hub TFs regulate 10 basal-specific transporter genes involved in nutrient transfer (sugars, amino acids, ions).

Conclusions:

  • Provides novel insights into the transcriptomic dynamics and regulatory modules of the maize kernel's maternal/filial interface.
  • Highlights the potential roles of identified MADS-box TFs in maize kernel development, drawing parallels with studies in rice and Arabidopsis.
  • Suggests that these TFs are critical regulators of nutrient transporters, essential for seed development and function.