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Validity and Reliability of the Reflux Sign Assessment-10 (RSA-10)
Jérôme R Lechien1,2,3,4, Lisa G De Marrez4, Camille Finck1,5
1Research Committee of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.
Objective:
To develop and validate the Reflux Sign Assessment-10 (RSA-10) for documenting the physical findings of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD).
Methods:
Patients with LPRD at the hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring and asymptomatic individuals were consecutively recruited from two European hospitals. Three experienced otolaryngologists rated RSA-10 in patients and controls for assessing internal validity. RSA-10 was rated within a 7-day period to assess test-retest reliability. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's α in patients and controls. Convergent validity was evaluated through a correlation analysis between RSA-10 and Reflux Finding Score (RFS). Interrater reliability was evaluated by comparing the RSA-10 evaluations of the three otolaryngologists through Fleiss kappa. Pre- to posttreatment change of RSA-10 was evaluated to assess responsiveness to change. The RSA-10 thresholds were examined by receiver operating characteristic analysis.
Results:
Fifty-five patients completed the pre- to posttreatment evaluations from January 2020 to December 2023. A total of 115 asymptomatic individuals completed the study. RSA-10 reported high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.822) and test-retest reliability (rs = 0.725). The RSA-10 scores of patients were significantly higher than those of controls (p = 0.001), suggesting high internal validity. RSA-10 was significantly correlated with the RFS (rs = 0.771). The interrater reliability was adequate for sub- and total RSA-10 scores (k = 0.708). RSA-10 significantly improved from baseline to 3-month posttreatment (p = 0.001). An RSA-10 > 13 may be suggestive of LPRD. Both RSA-10 > 13 and Reflux Symptom Score-12 > 11 were associated with a sensitivity of 92.7% and a specificity of 97.3%.
Conclusion:
The RSA-10 is a reliable and valid clinical instrument for documenting the most prevalent laryngeal and extra-laryngeal findings associated with LPRD.
Level Of Evidence:
3 Laryngoscope, 134:3981-3988, 2024.
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