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Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

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Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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[Insulin-treated diabetes in general practice].

Bruno Guerci1

  • 1Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, hôpital Barbois, département d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|March 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has transformed diabetes care, offering real-time insights for better glycemic control and reduced complication risks. This technology enhances personalized treatment for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Technology

Context:

  • Blood glucose monitoring is crucial for diabetes management in type 1 and type 2 patients.
  • Traditional capillary glucose testing has been largely superseded by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems.
  • CGM has revolutionized diabetes care since the early 2000s.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the evolution and impact of continuous glucose monitoring in diabetes treatment.
  • To discuss the shift from capillary glucose testing to interstitial glucose monitoring.
  • To emphasize the benefits of CGM in achieving therapeutic objectives and patient comfort.

Summary:

  • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) utilizes subcutaneous sensors to track interstitial glucose levels, replacing older capillary blood glucose meters.
  • CGM enables real-time monitoring, leading to refined therapeutic objectives and improved understanding of glycemic variability.
  • New performance indices derived from CGM data are now internationally recognized.

Impact:

  • CGM improves glycemic control and helps prevent diabetes-related complications.
  • The technology facilitates personalized diabetes treatment strategies.
  • Enhanced patient comfort and reduced risks of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are key benefits.