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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice
Published on: August 11, 2021
Light affects the prefrontal cortex via intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
Lorenzo Lazzerini Ospri1, Jesse J Zhan1,2, Michael B Thomsen1,2
1Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
None:
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is a part of the limbic system engaged in the regulation of social, emotional, and cognitive states, which are characteristically impaired in disorders of the brain such as schizophrenia and depression. Here, we show that intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) modulate, through light, the integrity, activity, and function of the vmPFC. This regulatory role, which is independent of circadian and mood alterations, is mediated by an ipRGC-thalamic-corticolimbic pathway. Lack of ipRGC signaling in mice causes dendritic degeneration, dysregulation of genes involved in synaptic plasticity, and depressed neuronal activity in the vmPFC. These alterations primarily undermine the ability of the vmPFC to regulate emotions. Our discovery provides a potential light-dependent mechanism for certain PFC-centric disorders in humans.
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