Early complications in scoliosis surgery and relation to preoperative factors: A single-center retrospective study

In this study, we aimed to investigate the perioperative complications of the patients who underwent scoliosis surgery in our hospital and the factors that may affect the outcome. Between 2014 and 2018, scoliosis patients recorded data was examined retrospectively. Age, gender, height, body weight, comorbidity, Cobb index, scoliosis etiology, operation time, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, coagulation value, operation time, level of instrumentation, intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, intraoperative fluid administration, preoperative pulmonary function test values, blood gas values, urine outputs, hospital (LOS) and post anesthesia care unit stays, complications and mortality rates were examined. The files of 77 patients (48 female, 29 male) were retrospectively analyzed. The average age was 19.54 ± 16.32 years and 98.7% were elective surgery. The mean of LOS was 13.55 ± 9.13 days. As the preoperative hematocrit value decreases, LOS increases significantly. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smokers and high ASA scores, LOS is prolonged in patients with previous operations. As intraoperative colloid administration increased, crystalloid and blood products increased, it was also observed that the amount of crystalloid increased LOS. As the amount of intraoperative colloid or red blood cell administration increases, the duration of surgery and anesthesia increases, also increases the duration of post anesthesia care unit. Compared to patients with complications (n = 29) to the patients without complications (n = 47), it was found that they had longer anesthesia, and surgery times, also longer LOS times (P < .05). Our study showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the preoperative period, smoking, high ASA score, excessive use of colloid, prolonged duration of surgery and anesthesia, and long intubation durations increase the length of hospital stay. Preoperative comorbidity is directly related to postoperative complications and causes longer hospitalization after reconstructive scoliosis surgery.