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Psychophysiological Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise over Menstrual Cycle Phases: An

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High-intensity interval training (HIIT) responses vary across the menstrual cycle, with women experiencing worse psychological effects during menstruation. However, HIIT can still improve motivation and depressive symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Sports Psychology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on how the menstrual cycle influences psychophysiological responses to high-intensity interval training (HIIT).
  • Understanding these variations is crucial for optimizing exercise programming for women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the psychophysiological responses of healthy women to HIIT across different phases of the menstrual cycle.
  • To identify potential phase-specific differences in exercise experience and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-three physically active women completed a cycle ergometer HIIT session in their menstrual, follicular, and luteal phases.
  • Psychophysiological measures including anxiety, mood, motivation, and menstrual distress were assessed at baseline, during, and post-exercise.
  • Randomized order of menstrual phase participation was employed.

Main Results:

  • Women reported increased pain, water retention, behavioral changes, and autonomic reactions during the menstrual phase compared to the follicular phase.
  • Psychological responses to HIIT were poorer during the menstrual and luteal phases.
  • Motivation to initiate HIIT was lower in the luteal and menstrual phases.
  • HIIT significantly reduced depressive symptoms and improved motivation irrespective of menstrual phase.

Conclusions:

  • The menstrual cycle significantly impacts psychophysiological responses to HIIT.
  • HIIT demonstrates potential for improving motivation and depressive symptoms in women.
  • Further research is warranted to explore HIIT's effects in women with clinical depression across the menstrual cycle.