Heat shock and thermotolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans: An overview of laboratory techniques

The soil nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple and well-established model for the study of many biological processes. Heat shock and thermotolerance assays have been developed for this nematode, and have been used to decipher the molecular relationships between thermal stress and aging, among others. Nevertheless, a systematic and methodological comparison of the different approaches and tools utilized is lacking in the literature. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the most commonly used strategies for carrying out heat shock and thermotolerance assays that have been reported, highlighting specific readouts and scientific questions that can be addressed. Furthermore, we offer examples of thermotolerance assays performed with wild type nematodes, that can serve as a gauge of the animal survival under diverse conditions of stress.