Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

11.9K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
11.9K
Distribution and Dispersion00:54

Distribution and Dispersion

20.9K
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
20.9K
Ecological Niches02:02

Ecological Niches

22.4K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
22.4K
Habitat Fragmentation02:31

Habitat Fragmentation

15.8K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
15.8K
Escape Velocity01:26

Escape Velocity

5.6K
The escape velocity of an object is defined as the minimum initial velocity that it requires to escape the surface of another object to which it is gravitationally bound and never to return. For example, what would be the minimum velocity at which a satellite should be launched from the Earth's surface such that it just escapes the Earth's gravitational field?
To calculate the escape velocity, it is assumed that no energy is lost to any frictional forces. In practice, a satellite...
5.6K
Transition Zone01:28

Transition Zone

545
The transition zone in concrete is a critical area where aggregate meets cement paste, marked by a distinct porosity and weakness compared to the surrounding material. The adhesion around the aggregates is primarily due to Van Der Waals forces. The voids within this zone influence its robustness; initially, it is less durable than the surrounding bulk mortar due to larger voids. Initially, when concrete is compacted, a higher water-cement ratio near the aggregates leads to the formation of...
545

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Glutamatergic signaling underlies brain structural organization for mathematical and reading abilities in children.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Attention and social problems are uniquely associated with academic achievement beyond overall psychopathology: multicohort replication in 3,800 participants.

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines·2026
Same author

Parsing autism spectrum heterogeneity through fMRI.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Temporally-resolved deep learning reveals autism symptom-specific neural signatures during naturalistic social experiences.

Research square·2026
Same author

Nonergodicity and Simpson's paradox in neurocognitive dynamics of cognitive control.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Latent brain state dynamics predict early amyloid accumulation and cognitive impairment.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats
10:41

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats

Published on: November 7, 2017

13.3K

Space wandering in the rodent default mode network.

Trang-Anh Estelle Nghiem1, Byeongwook Lee1, Tzu-Hao Harry Chao2,3,4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The default mode network (DMN) is active during natural behaviors, not just at rest. This study shows DMN activity encodes spatial exploration in freely moving rats, challenging its "task-negative" label.

Keywords:
GCaMPecological settinglarge-scale brain networksspatial explorationstate-space modeling

More Related Videos

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.6K
Utilizing a Reconfigurable Maze System to Enhance the Reproducibility of Spatial Navigation Tests in Rodents
04:41

Utilizing a Reconfigurable Maze System to Enhance the Reproducibility of Spatial Navigation Tests in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2022

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats
10:41

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats

Published on: November 7, 2017

13.3K
A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.6K
Utilizing a Reconfigurable Maze System to Enhance the Reproducibility of Spatial Navigation Tests in Rodents
04:41

Utilizing a Reconfigurable Maze System to Enhance the Reproducibility of Spatial Navigation Tests in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2022

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is a brain network typically suppressed during cognitive tasks.
  • Its role in naturalistic behaviors is poorly understood due to research limitations in controlled environments like MRI scanners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the DMN in awake, freely exploring rats during naturalistic behaviors.
  • To examine the neural dynamics of core DMN nodes and their relationship with spatial exploration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multisite GCaMP fiber photometry and simultaneous videography in freely moving rats.
  • Recorded neural activity in DMN nodes (retrosplenial cortex, cingulate cortex, prelimbic cortex) and the anterior insula.
  • Analyzed neural dynamics in relation to spatial exploration kinematics.

Main Results:

  • DMN nodes exhibited hierarchical functional organization, with stronger internal coupling than with the anterior insula.
  • DMN nodes encoded spatial exploration kinematics, including linear and angular velocity.
  • Higher linear velocity correlated with increased DMN activity, DMN node synchronization, and DMN-anterior insula anticorrelation.

Conclusions:

  • The DMN is dynamically involved in encoding spatial exploration in ecologically valid contexts.
  • Findings challenge the view of the DMN as solely a "task-negative" network.
  • Investigating brain networks in naturalistic settings is crucial for understanding their function.