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Musical instruments as dynamic sound sources.

David Ackermann1, Fabian Brinkmann1, Stefan Weinzierl1

  • 1Audio Communication Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Einsteinufer 17c, 10587 Berlin, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Musical instruments exhibit dynamic directivity due to note choice and musician movement. These factors significantly alter sound perception, especially in virtual acoustic environments, impacting timbre and room acoustics.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Music Technology
  • Psychoacoustics

Background:

  • Musical instruments possess time-varying directivity, unlike static electro-acoustic sources.
  • Previous research primarily focused on static instrument directivity for specific notes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual and combined effects of note-dependent radiation and musician movement on temporal modulation of instrument directivity.
  • To analyze the impact of this modulation on timbre and room acoustic excitation.

Main Methods:

  • Motion tracking of typical orchestral instrument movement patterns.
  • Directivity measurements across the full pitch range for all partials.
  • Spectral variation analysis in free field and reverberant conditions.
  • Modulation analysis of room acoustic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Both note-dependent radiation and musician movement significantly modulate instrument directivity.
  • These modulations cause spectral variations and alter room acoustic excitation.
  • The observed effects exceed just noticeable differences for all instruments and perceptual variables.
  • Motion's effect is dominant in brass instruments; note-related differences are significant in strings and woodwinds.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic directivity is a crucial factor in realistic sound reproduction.
  • Virtual acoustic realities require accounting for these temporal modulations for auditory realism.
  • Instrument-specific considerations (motion vs. note) are necessary for accurate virtual acoustics.