A Comprehensive Review of Membrane Transporters and MicroRNA Regulation in Alzheimer's Disease
Shatakshi Mishra1, B Stany1, Anushka Das1
1School of Biosciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a distressing neurodegenerative condition characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles within the brain. The interconnectedness between membrane transporters (SLCs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in AD pathogenesis has gained increasing attention. This review explores the localization, substrates, and functions of SLC transporters in the brain, emphasizing the roles of transporters for glutamate, glucose, nucleosides, and other essential compounds. The examination delves into the significance of SLCs in AD, their potential for drug development, and the intricate realm of miRNAs, encompassing their transcription, processing, functions, and regulation. MiRNAs have emerged as significant players in AD, including those associated with mitochondria and synapses. Furthermore, this review discusses the intriguing nexus of miRNAs targeting SLC transporters and their potential as therapeutic targets in AD. Finally, the review underscores the interaction between SLC transporters and miRNA regulation within the context of Alzheimer's disease, underscoring the need for further research in this area. This comprehensive review aims to shed light on the complex mechanisms underlying the causation of AD and provides insights into potential therapeutic approaches.
Insights
This review explores how solute carrier (SLC) transporters and microRNAs (miRNAs) interact in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding these connections offers new avenues for AD drug development and therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles.
- The roles of solute carrier (SLC) transporters and microRNAs (miRNAs) in AD pathogenesis are increasingly recognized.
- SLCs are crucial for transporting essential molecules like glutamate and glucose in the brain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the localization, substrates, and functions of brain SLC transporters in AD.
- To examine the significance of miRNAs in AD, including mitochondrial and synaptic roles.
- To explore the interplay between miRNAs targeting SLCs and their therapeutic potential in AD.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on SLC transporters and miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease.
- Analysis of the transcriptional, processing, and regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs.
- Investigation of the interactions between SLCs and miRNA regulation in the context of AD.
Main Results:
- SLC transporters play vital roles in brain function and are implicated in AD.
- MiRNAs are key regulators in AD, influencing mitochondrial and synaptic pathways.
- A significant nexus exists between miRNAs targeting SLC transporters, presenting potential therapeutic targets.
Conclusions:
- The intricate relationship between SLC transporters and miRNA regulation is central to Alzheimer's disease.
- Further research into these interactions is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
- Targeting the SLC-miRNA axis holds promise for future AD treatments.
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